Advantages of NMNH
NMNH: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder. 2. Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability. 3. Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder 5. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NADH
NADH: 1. Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology, purity up higher than 98 % 3. Special patented process crystal form, higher stability 4. Obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality 5. 8 domestic and foreign NADH patents, leading the industry 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NAD
NAD: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Stable supplier of 1000+ enterprises around the world 3. Unique “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, higher product content and higher conversion rate 4. Freeze drying technology to ensure stable product quality 5. Unique crystal technology, higher product solubility 6. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products
Advantages of MNM
NMN: 1. “Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive“Bonpure”seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99.9%) and stability 3. Industrial leading technology: 15 domestic and international NMN patents 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products 5. Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NMN is safe and effective 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service 7. NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team of Harvard University
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Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereafter referred to as BONTAC) is a high-tech enterprise established in July 2012. BONTAC integrates R&D, production and sales, with enzyme catalysis technology as the core and coenzyme and natural products as main products. There are six major series of products in BONTAC, involving coenzymes, natural products, sugar substitutes, cosmetics, dietary supplements and medical intermediates.
As the leader of the global NMN industry, BONTAC has the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology in China. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC adheres to independent innovation, with more than 170 invention patents. Different from the traditional chemical synthesis and fermentation industry, BONTAC has advantages of green low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology. What’s more, BONTAC has established the first coenzyme engineering technology research center at the provincial level in China which also is the sole in Guangdong Province.
In the future, BONTAC will focus on its advantages of green, low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology, and build ecological relationship with academia as well as upstream/downstream partners, continuously leading the synthetic biological industry and creating a better life for human beings.
NAD powder efficacy in health
Molecules that can be taken in supplement form to increase NAD levels in the body are referred to by some as “NAD boosters.” Studies conducted over the past six decades suggest that the following are some of the many benefits associated with taking an NAD supplement:
Can Help Restore Mitochondrial Function
Helps Repair Blood Vessels —A 2018 mice study found that supplementation could aid in repair and growth of aged blood vessels. There’s also some evidence it can help manage heart disease risk factors like high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
May Improve Muscle Function — One animal study conducted in 2016 found that degenerative muscles had improved muscle function when supplemented with NAD+ precursors.
Potentially Helps Repair Cells and Damaged DNA — Some studies have found evidence that NAD+ precursor supplementation leads to an increase in DNA damage repair. NAD+ is broken down into two component parts, nicotinamide and ADP-ribose, which combine with proteins to repair cells.
May Help Improve Cognitive Function — Several studies conducted on mice have found that mice treated with NAD+ precursors experienced improvements in cognitive function, learning and memory. Findings have led researchers to believe that NAD supplement may help protect against cognitive decline/Alzheimer’s disease.
May Help Prevent Age-Related Weight Gain — A 2012 study showed that when mice fed a high-fat diet were given an NAD supplement, they gained 60 percent less weight than they did on the same diets without the supplement. One reason this may be true is that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide helps regulate production of stress- and appetite-related hormones, thanks to its effects on circadian rhythms.
Precursors are molecules used in chemical reactions inside the body to create other compounds. There are a number of precursors of NAD+ that result in higher levels when you consume enough of them.
BONTAC NAD product features and advantages
1、Enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder
2、High purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NAD powder
3、Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NAD powder
4、Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NAD powder is safe and effective
5、Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NAD powder manufacturing method
The preparation methods of NAD powder are mainly divided into chemical synthesis method and biocatalytic method, among which biocatalytic method includes biological fermentation method and enzyme catalysis method. Enzyme catalysis method has gradually become the mainstream direction because of its advantages of green, environmental protection and pollution-free. And then the purity of NAD powder will reach 99% after the procedure of further purifying.
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Frequently Asked Question
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has several essential roles in metabolism. It acts as a coenzyme in redox reactions, as a donor of ADP-ribose moieties in ADP-ribosylation reactions, as a precursor of the second messenger molecule cyclic ADP-ribose, as well as acting as a substrate for bacterial DNA ligases and a group of enzymes called sirtuins that use NAD+ to remove acetyl groups from proteins. In addition to these metabolic functions, NAD+ emerges as an adenine nucleotide that can be released from cells spontaneously and by regulated mechanisms, and can therefore have important extracellular roles.
First, inspect the factory. After some screening, NAD companied that directly face consumers pay more attention to brand building. Therefore, for a good brand, quality is the most important thing, and the first thing to control the quality of raw materials is to inspect the factory. Bontac company actually manufacturing NAD powder of high quality with the caterias of SGS. Secondly, the purity is tested. Purity is one of the most important parameters of NAD powder. If high purity NAD cannot be guaranteed, the remaining substances are likely to exceed the relevant standards. As the attached certificates demonstrates that the NAD powder produced by Bontac reach the purity of 99.9%. Finally, a professional test spectrum is needed to prove it. Common methods for determining the structure of an organic compound include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Usually through the analysis of these two spectra, the structure of the compound can be preliminarily determined.
The difference all comes down to the charge of these coenzymes. NAD+ is written with a superscript + sign because of the positive charge on one of its nitrogen atoms. It is the oxidized form of NAD. It’s considered “an oxidizing agent” because it accepts electrons from other molecules.
Although they are different chemically, these terms are mostly used interchangeably when discussing their health benefits. Another term you may come across is NADH, which stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H). This is also used interchangeably with NAD+ for the most part. Both are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides that function as either hydride donors or hydride acceptors. The difference between these two is that that NADH becomes NAD+ after it donates an electron to another molecule.
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Targeting NAD+ Salvage Pathway as a Potential Approach to Combat Obesity
Introduction Mar 4th is determined as the World Obesity Day. World Obesity Federation, UNICEF and WHO have hosted a global youth-led webinar to talk about obesity & youth. The obesity crisis has gradually attracted much attention. The latest report by the Lancet suggests that one billion people are bothered by obesity (2022), with 650 million adults, 340 million adolescents and 39 million children. Recently, etiological studies and interventions for obesity have been progressively focused on the central nervous system, with an attempt to curb the onset of obesity at its source. Notably, targeting NAD+ salvage pathway in hypothalamic astrocytes may be a potential approach to combat obesity. The association of hypothalamic astrocytes and obesity The hypothalamus functions as the appetite regulation center, which receives and integrates the neuroendocrine factors produced by the central nervous system and peripheral tissues to promote or suppress appetite, so as to affect body weight. Noteworthily, aypothalamic astrocytes can apparently decrease glucose clearance and increase plasma insulin levels, playing an essential role in modulating energy metabolism, which are expected to be a new target for obesity treatment. Alleviation of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity by repressing astrocyte NAD+ salvage pathway Under conditions of excessive fat intake, the NAD+ salvage pathway is specifically activated in hypothalamic astrocytes, which restrains the energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation in adipose tissues by downregulating sympathetic nerve innervation, eventually resulting in the accumulation of adipose tissue fat and the development of obesity. CD38 as a downstream mediator of astrocyte inflammation induced by the NAD+ salvage pathway. CD38 functions downstream of the NAD+ salvage pathway in hypothalamic astrocytes burdened with excess fat. CD38 knockdown in arcuate nucleus astrocytes diminishes the weight gain, reduces fat mass, increases EE, and lowers RER during HFD consumption. Cd38 depletion in hypothalamic astrocytes may improve hypothalamic inflammation by increasing NAD+ level. Hypothalamic inflammation can not only lead to energy imbalances, but also exacerbate central insulin resistance and leptin resistance, which can lead to the accumulation of fat in peripheral tissues. The role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)–NAD+–CD38 axis in obesity In mammals, the salvage pathway represents the primary means of maintaining cellular NAD+ level. A crucial step in the NAD+ salvage pathway is catalyzed by NAMPT. In response to fat overload, the activation of the astrocytic NAMPT-NAD+-CD38 axis induces pro-inflammatory responses in the hypothalamus, eliciting aberrantly activated basal Ca2+ signals and compromised Ca2+ responses to metabolic hormones such as insulin, leptin, and glucagon-like peptide 1, ultimately resulting in dysfunctional hypothalamic astrocytes and contribute to the development of obesity. Conclusion Mechanically, inhibition of hypothalamic astrocytic NAD+ salvage pathway, along with its downstream CD38, mitigates hypothalamic inflammation and attenuates the development of HFD-induced obesity in male mice. Reference Park, J.W., Park, S.E., Koh, W. et al (2024). Hypothalamic astrocyte NAD+ salvage pathway mediates the coupling of dietary fat overconsumption in a mouse model of obesity. Nat Commun 15, 2102. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46009-0 BONTAC NAD BONTAC has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of NAD and its precursors (eg. NMN and NR). There are various types of NAD to be selected, encompassing NAD ER Grade (endoxin removal), NAD Grade I (IVD/dietary supplement/cosmetics raw powder), NAD Grade II (API/intermediates) and NAD Grade IV (if any higher requirement on the solubility), which can be provided in the form of lyophilized powder or crystalline powder. The purity of BONTAC NAD can reach above 98%. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. BONTAC holds no responsibility for any claims, damages, losses, expenses or costs resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Frontier Dynamics on the Molecular Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rh2 Against Tumor
Introduction Ginsenoside Rh2, one protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type rare ginsenoside in Panax ginseng, is uncovered to possibly have broad-spectrum pharmacological activity in diversified tumors. It is utilized as an adjuvant drug for preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and rescue treatment of advanced cancer, which has been a research hotspot in recent years. Current states on cancer therapies Cancer has emerged as the second largest cause for death across the world, with approximately 9.6 million cancer-related deaths in 2018, in accordance with the statistical report by World Health Organization (WHO). Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery are the preferred option for cancer, whose efficacy is however limited by the tumor relapse and drug resistance, requiring a patch such as adjuvant drugs to fix the bug. For anticancer treatment, over 60% of the approved and pre-new drug application candidates are natural products or synthetic molecules based upon natural product molecular skeletons. Strikingly, ginsenosides act as a promising therapeutic target by virtue of its pharmacological activities such as immune adjustment, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, and protection of the heart and cerebral vessels. 20(S) ginsenoside Rh2 vs. 20(R) ginsenoside Rh2 There are two stereoisomeric forms of ginsenoside Rh2, namely 20(S) ginsenoside Rh2 and 20(R) ginsenoside Rh2. Relative to the (20R) ginsenoside Rh2, (20S) ginsenoside Rh2 has higher cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells. In a previously reported study, the half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 20(S) ginsenoside Rh2 and 20(R) ginsenoside Rh2 in A549 cells are 45.7 and 53.6 µM, respectively. The underlying mechanisms of ginsenoside Rh2 against tumor Mechanically, the anti-tumor effects of ginsenoside Rh2 are realized by enhancing the body’s immune activity to regulate microenvironment, inhibiting differentiation, angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells, inducing the apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, superoxide and reactive oxygen species, and reversing the drug resistance via regulating a series of important tumor-related signaling pathway. For instance, ginsenoside Rh2 can activate CD4+ and CD8a+ T lymphocytes, promote their invasion, and enhance the killing effect of lymphocytes on B16-F10 melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, the number of tumor cells in the G0/G1 phase is increased significantly post treatment with ginsenoside Rh2 and 5-FU, by which the expansion and migration of tumor cells are effectively hampered. Additionally, the ginsenoside Rh2 downregulates the levels of drug-resistance-related genes (eg. MRP1, MDR1, LRP and GST), making colorectal cancer cells more sensitive to 5-FU. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rh2 plays multifunctional roles in both tumor treatment and tumor microenvironment immunomodulation, which may become a promising choice of medication for patients with tumors in the future. Reference [1] Xiaodan S, Ying C. Role of ginsenoside Rh2 in tumor therapy and tumor microenvironment immunomodulation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;156:113912. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113912 [2] Yang L, Chen JJ, Sheng-Xian Teo B, Zhang J, Jiang M. Research Progress on the Antitumor Molecular Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rh2. Am J Chin Med. Published online January 31, 2024. doi:10.1142/S0192415X24500095 BONTAC Ginsenosides BONTAC has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of rare ginsenosides Rh2/Rg3, with pure raw materials, higher conversion rate and higher content (up to 99%). One-stop service for customized product solution is available in BONTAC. With unique Bonzyme enzymatic synthesis technology, both S-type and R-type isomers can be accurately synthesized here, with stronger activity and precise targeting action. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. BONTAC holds no responsibility for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
The Immuno-Enhancing Effect of Rh2-L on Double Emulsion Adjuvant Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease
1. Introduction At present, vaccine is the preferred option for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), for which the adjuvant is essential due to its strong role in boosting immune response associated with vaccine antigens. Herein, Rh2 liposomes (Rh2-L) are prepared by ethano injection methods, then loaded into a double emulsion adjuvant and emulsified into a Water-in-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W) emulsion, together with FMDV antigen, for the prevention of FMD. 2. About FMD FMD, also known as aphthous fever, is a viral and fulminating infectious disease in which the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) violates hoofed livestock such as cattle, pigs and sheep. Since FMD is a zoonotic disease with high incidence and fast transmission speed, FMD vaccination is significant for those with long-term contact with livestock or low immunity such as the herders, veterinarians and children. 3.The significance of transform Rh2 into Rh2-L By transformation of Rh2 into Rh2-L, on the one hand, the poor solubility and hemolysis of Rh2 can be mitigated to a large extent. On the other hand, Rh2-L functions as a liposome. Noteworthily, liposome itself has been revealed to be an adjuvant in vaccine design to improve immune response by interacting with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), increasing the representation of immune stimulants to APCs, and stimulating innate immunity. 4. The immune-enhancing effect of Rh2-L on FMD vaccine Rh2-L has a immune-enhancing effect, as evidenced by an increase in humoral and cellular immune responses. In the FMDV model, the group of the FMD vaccine prepared with double emulsion adjuvants containing Rh2-L presents a more desirable protective effect relative to other groups. This group has a higher neutralizing antibody titer, stronger lymphocyte proliferation responses, and higher levels of cellular and humoral immune cytokine production, including IFN-γ and IL-4. 5. Conclusion Rh2-L can further boost the immune effect of the double emulsion adjuvant against foot-and-mouth disease, which may be a promising and powerful platform for subunit vaccine adjuvant. 6. Reference Saiya Miao, Qiufang Jing, Xuanyu Wang, et al. “Immuno-Enhancing Effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 Liposomes on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine”. Molecular Pharmaceutics. 2024 21 (1), 183-193. DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00733 BONTAC advantages BONTAC is ·the first enterprise in China to provide mass production of ginsenosides (Rh2) by enzymatic synthesis. BONTAC has unique Bonzyme enzymatic synthesis technology. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC has more than 160 invention patents, with strict third-party self-inspection. Both the high-quality product and excellent service can be better ensured here. BONTAC has 12 years of industry experience, which is worthy of your trust. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provide for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.