NMNH: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder. 2. Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability. 3. Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity(up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder 5. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NADH: 1. Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology, purity up higher than 98 % 3. Special patented process crystal form, higher stability 4. Obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality 5. 8 domestic and foreign NADH patents, leading the industry 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NAD: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Stable supplier of 1000+ enterprises around the world 3. Unique “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, higher product content and higher conversion rate 4. Freeze drying technology to ensure stable product quality 5. Unique crystal technology, higher product solubility 6. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products
NMN: 1. “Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive“Bonpure”seven-step purification technology, high purity(up to 99.9%) and stability 3. Industrial leading technology: 15 domestic and international NMN patents 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products 5. Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NMN is safe and effective 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service 7. NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team of Harvard University
Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereafter referred to as BONTAC) is a high-tech enterprise established in July 2012. BONTAC integrates R&D, production and sales, with enzyme catalysis technology as the core and coenzyme and natural products as main products. There are six major series of products in BONTAC, involving coenzymes, natural products, sugar substitutes, cosmetics, dietary supplements and medical intermediates.
As the leader of the global NMN industry, BONTAC has the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology in China. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC adheres to independent innovation, with more than 170 invention patents. Different from the traditional chemical synthesis and fermentation industry, BONTAC has advantages of green low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology. What’s more, BONTAC has established the first coenzyme engineering technology research center at the provincial level in China which also is the sole in Guangdong Province.
In the future, BONTAC will focus on its advantages of green, low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology, and build ecological relationship with academia as well as upstream/downstream partners, continuously leading the synthetic biological industry and creating a better life for human beings.
when applied to cultured cells, the NMNH is shown to be more efficient than NMN as it was able to “significantly increase NAD+ at a ten times lower concentration (5 µM) than that needed for NMN”. Moreover, NMNH shows to be more effective, as at 500 µM concentration, it achieved “an almost 10- fold increase in the NAD+ concentration, while NMN was only able to double NAD+ content in these cells, even at 1 mM concentration.”.
Interestingly, NMNH also appears to act quicker and has a longer-lasting effect compared to NMN. According to the authors, NMNH induces a “significant increase in NAD+ levels within 15 minutes”, and “NAD+ steadily increased for up to 6 hours and remained stable for 24 hours, while NMN reached its plateau after only 1 hour, most likely because the NMN recycling pathways to NAD+ had already become saturated.”.
The main methods of NMNH powder preparation include extraction, fermentation, fortification, biosynthesis and organic matter synthesis. Compared with other preparations, the whole enzyme become the mainstream method owing to the advantages of pollution free, high level of purity and stability.
1、“Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder.
2、Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability.
3、Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity(up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder
4、Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder
5、Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NMNH also proved more effective than NMN in raising NAD+ levels in a variety of tissues when administered at the same concentration, confirming the results observed in cell lines. The data presented in this study also corroborate the evidence that NAD+ boosters protect against different models of acute kidney injury, and place NMNH as a great alternative intervention to other NAD+ precursors to reduce tubular damage and accelerate recovery.
To overcome the limitations of the current repertoire of NAD+ enhancers, other molecules with a more pronounced effect on the NAD+ intracellular pool are desired. This has stimulated us to investigate the use of the reduced form of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH) as an NAD+ enhancer. There is very scarce information about the role of this molecule in cells. In fact, only one enzymatic activity has been described to produce NMNH. This is the NADH diphosphatase activity of the human peroxisomal Nudix hydrolase hNUDT1232 and the murine mitochondrial Nudt13.33 It has been postulated that, in cells, NMNH would be converted to NADH via nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferases (NMNATs).34 However, both NMNH production by Nudix diphosphatases and its use by NMNATs for NADH synthesis have only been described in vitro using isolated proteins, and how NMNH participates in cellular NAD+ metabolism remains unknown.
First, inspect the factory. After some screening, NMNH companies that directly face consumers pay more attention to brand building. Therefore, for a good brand, quality is the most important thing, and the first thing to control the quality of raw materials is to inspect the factory. Bontac company actually manufacturing NMNH powder of high quality with the caterias of SGS. Secondly, the purity is tested. Purity is one of the most important parameters of NMN powder. If high purity NMNH cannot be guaranteed, the remaining substances are likely to exceed the relevant standards. As the attached certificates demonstrates that the NMNH powder produced by Bontac reach the purity of 99%. Finally, a professional test spectrum is needed to prove it. Common methods for determining the structure of an organic compound include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Usually through the analysis of these two spectra, the structure of the compound can be preliminarily determined.
With the epidemic control policies loosening worldwide, residents in China, India, Malaysia, Japan and Singapore have suffered a shortage of medicines to varying degrees. But on the other hand, the type of medicines available to the public is dynamically increasing, and at present the anti-Covid-19 stars available on the market include Paxlovid, NMN, etc. What are the similarities and differences between the two in terms of mechanism of preventing and treating the Coronavirus? It is necessary to briefly make out the principle of Covid-19 infection in human cells before discussing the mechanism of action of Paxlovid and NMN. How SARS-CoV-2 infect cells? First, the mature Covid-19 (as shown in Figure 1) is mainly composed of structure proteins including spike (S) protein, nucleocapsid (N) protein, membrane (M) protein and envelope (E) protein and RNA viral gene. Figure 1. SARS-Cov-2 structure The SARS-CoV-2 opens a channel into the cell by its S protein through recognizing and binding to the ACE2 protein receptor of host cells in vivo. After entering the host cell, the SARS-CoV-2 initiates transcription and translation activities, replicating plenty of SARS-CoV-2, disrupting the cell structure and interfering with the normal cell function. Under this mechanism of action, the supplement of medicine directly comes into play on the sides of spike S protein of the Covid-19 and the ACE2 protein of host cells in human body. Paxlovid prevents the synthesis of S proteins of SARS-CoV-2. The mechanism of Paxlovid to treat Covid-19 Paxlovid was made up with two main ingredients, Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir. Nirmatrelvir combats SARS-CoV-2 by blocking the synthesis of S proteins.The gene information of all SARS-CoV-2 proteins only take over 1/3 of the right side of RNA strand (as shown in Figure 2), and the remaining 2/3 of the RNA gene strand is used for transcription and translation for multiple proteins to synthesize the polyprotein. After the polyprotein is synthesized, it will be cleaved into several functional proteins likely S protein by virus proteases. Figure 2. RNA structure In short, when the SARS-CoV-2 replicates, the RNA initiates transcription and translation for proteins in bulk and then proteases cleave it to form structural proteins (S protein). The main proteases used when replicating is CL3. Nirmatrelvir of Paxlovid binds to the CL3 protease to prevent the cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein so as to interrupt the protein synthesis of viral. (As shown in Figure 3). What’s more, another ingredient, Ritonavir, works by maintaining the concentration of Nirmatrelvir in the body, prolonging and enhancing its efficacy and maintaining the interruption strength for the replicating protease CL3. Figure 3.CL3 in translation The mechanism of NMN to prevent and treat Covid-19 NMN prevents Covid-19 infection by protecting DNA and reducing ACE2 expression, shutting down the pathway of ACE2 protein into human cells. The researchers found that DNA damages accumulates intracellular ACE2 receptor proteins. However, these two enzymes to repair DNA damage, sirtuins and PARP, need to be to motivated by NAD+. Studies showed that NMN supplementation is effective in increasing NAD+ levels and thus reducing ACE2 protein expression. As it demonstrates that experiment proved that a reduction in ACE2 expression after infected with the SARS-CoV-2, along with a reduction in viral load and tissue damage in the lungs (as shown in Figure 4) based on the situation that 200mg/kg of NMN fed to old mice aged 12 months for 7 days. Figure 4. NMN performance in recuding viral loads The study not only reaffirms the convincing for NMN to treat Covid-19 infection, but based on its proven ability to reduce lung pathological damage and even death in mice infected with neointima, NMN may be used in clinical trials to treat patients with Covid-19 infection. It is clear from the above principles of action that both Paxlovid and NMN work on original source of infection to treat and prevent Covid-19. The difference between the two is that Paxlovid interferes with the replication of the virus while NMN closes the door to the entry of Covid-19 into human cells. Both different mechanisms of action are in principle effective in preventing the invasion of Covid-19. References 1. FACT SHEET FOR HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS: EMERGENCY USE AUTHORIZATION FOR PAXLOVID, 2022 2. Jin R., Niu C.,et al. DNA damage contributes to age-associated differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection, Aging Cell, 2022
Introduction Wound healing is a sophisticated process responding to tissue damage, which is associated with numbers of interaction of various cell types, cytokines, growth factors, and other molecules. Strikingly, increasing the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pool by nicotinamide riboside (NR) can accelerate wound healing and macrophage migration, which is partially achieved through PGE2 synthesis and signaling as well as the function of the NAD+-dependent sirtuin, SIRT3. Regulatory effects of NR on the expression of M1 macrophage markers in human MDMs. NR could modulate the expression levels of canonical M1 (inflammatory phenotype) and M2 (reparative phenotype) cell surface markers during macrophage polarization. With a great detail, a significant downregulation in CD64 and a obvious upregulation of CD197/CCR7 are viewed in the polarized M1 cells incubated with NR. Furthermore, NR increases CD197/CCR7-mediated M1 macrophage migration. The significance of chemotaxis mediator PGE2 in NR-regulated macrophage migration NR-mediated upregulation of macrophage migration through CCL19/CCR7 is dependent on the synthesis of PGE2, an inflammatory lipid mediator in the eicosanoid family. Concretely, NR administration increases the PGE2 level in cultured human monocytes, MDMs, and human serum. In addition, NR-mediated increases in CCR7 expression and CCL19-induced migration are attenuated by PGE2 synthesis blockers. NR/SIRT3/migration axis in human M1 MDMs NR facilitates collective cell migration at a SIRT3-dependent manner in human M1 MDMs during wound healing. Simply put, the degree of wound healing is compared on Day 0 and Day 2 in vehicle- or NR-treated human M1 MDMs. It is found that NR increases the relative degree of migration (relative wound healing) and the rate of wound confluence in the presence of CCL19. Besides, the relative degree of wound density (migration) is blunted by SIRT3 knockdown, while being enhanced by SIRT3 overexpression. Application prospect of NR in wound healing Chronic diabetes is often accompanied with poor wound healing. For instance, diabetic foot ulcers, one of the chief cause of amputations, affect 15% of people with diabetes. Given that NR can drive the macrophage migration to boost chronic wound healing, it may have a broad application prospect in treating the wounds including but not limited to diabetic patients. Conclusion In human macrophages, NR induces surface expression of the chemotaxis CD197/CCR7 receptor and levels of its lipid mediator PGE2 via upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 and functionally increases macrophage migration and wound healing in a SIRT3-dependent manner. Reference Wu J, Bley M, Steans RS, et al. Nicotinamide Riboside Augments Human Macrophage Migration via SIRT3-Mediated Prostaglandin E2 Signaling. Cells. 2024;13(5):455. Published 2024 Mar 5. doi:10.3390/cells13050455 BONTAC NR BONTAC is one of the few suppliers in China that can launch mass production of raw materials for NR, with self-owned factory and professional R&D team. Up till now, there are 173 BONTAC patents. BONTAC provides one-stop service for customized products. Both malate and chloride salt forms of NR are available. By dirt of unique Bonpure seven-step purification technology and Bonzyme Whole-enzymatic method, the product content and conversion rate can be maintained in a higher level. The purity of BONTAC NR can reach above 97%. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Introduction Diabetes is one of the dominant causes of death and disability worldwide, greatly affecting the life quality of patients. According to the latest data on diabetes released by the Lancet (GBD Study 2021), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases almost makes up 96.0% of all diabetes cases, with the hallmark of impaired glucose uptake. There are approximately 529 million patients with diabetes in 2021, with age-standardized prevalence of 6.1%. Remarkably, β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is able to ameliorate T2DM via unexpected effects on adipose tissue rather than mitochondrial biogenesis. Global age-standardised prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes from 1990 through 2050 forecasts Risk factors for T2DM High body mass index (BMI) is the main risk factor for T2DM, followed by dietary risk factors, environmental or occupational factors, smoking, insufficient physical activity, alcohol consumption, etc. The organ-specific effects of NMN treatment in T2DM NMN alleviates the mildly impaired and energy-inefficient protein synthesis in mice with T2DM induced by high-fat food. Specifically, NMN downregulates spliceosome proteins while upregulating ribosome proteins in hepatocytes. Besides, NMN downregulates proteasome and upregulates DNA replication and cell cycle pathways in muscle cells. Integrated proteomics data analysis of NMN-treated HFD mouse liver. Integrated proteomics data analysis of mouse muscle tissue. Adipose tissue, an energy reservoir, has been attested to be implicated with glucose metabolism. NMN boosts glucose uptake via Resistin downregulation, increased protein synthesis/degradation, fatty acid degradation, lysosome protein upregulation (most notably upregulation of the ATP6V1 proton pump), mTOR cell proliferation signaling in white adipose tissue, differentiation of preadipocytes to brown adipose cells and/or overexpression of thermogenic UCP1, a protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane of brown adipose tissue. Integrated proteomics data analysis of NMN-treated HFD mouse adipose tissue Conclusion NMN exerts organ-specific effects, with a vital role in improving glucose uptake, showing potent potential in the management of metabolic disorders including T2DM. Reference [1] GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2023;402(10397):203-234. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01301-6 [2] Popescu RG, Dinischiotu A, Soare T, Vlase E, Marinescu GC. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Works in Type 2 Diabetes through Unexpected Effects in Adipose Tissue, Not by Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(5):2594. Published 2024 Feb 23. doi:10.3390/ijms25052594 BONTAC NMN BONTAC is the pioneer of NMN industry and the first manufacturer to launch NMN mass production, with the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology around the world. At present, BONTAC has become the leading enterprise in niche areas of coenzyme products. Notably, BONTAC is the NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team at the Harvard University, who uses the raw materials of BONTAC in a paper titled “Impairment of an Endothelial NAD+-H2S Signaling Network Is a Reversible Cause of Vascular Aging”. Our services and products have been highly recognized by global partners. Furthermore, BONTAC has the first national and the only provincial independent coenzyme engineering technology research center in Guangdong, China. The coenzyme products of BOMNTAC are widely used in fields such as nutritional health, biomedicine, medical beauty, daily chemicals and green agriculture. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.